CLASS - X common errors - Part 2

 link for - PART- 1https://keywordsst.blogspot.com/2023/10/common-errors-class-x-social-science.html

1. What is the caricaturist trying to depict?     

This caricature is about a conservative regime,  according to Conservatism – it is a  political philosophy that stresses the importance of tradition, established institutions, and customs and prefers gradual development to quick change but this picture is about  Conservative regimes set up in 1815, they were autocratic. They did not tolerate criticism and dissent and sought to curb activities that questioned the legitimacy of autocratic governments.

2. Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer
Statement I: Martin Luther said printing is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one.
Statement II: Erasmus expressed a deep anxiety about printing.
a. Statement (i) is correct and (ii) is incorrect.
b. Statement (i) is incorrect and (ii) is correct
c. Both (i) & (ii) are incorrect
d. Both (i) & (ii) are correct 

Ans- d (Erasmus, a Latin scholar and a Catholic reformer, who criticized the excesses of Catholicism but kept his distance from Luther, expressed deep anxiety about printing)

3. There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below:
Assertion (A): Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy
Reason (R): It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
a.   Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b.   Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c.   A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.

Ans- b.   Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. Many students chose  "A" but the first (A) is the moral reason for power-sharing and the second (R) is the prudential reason for power-sharing. moral reasons are an intrinsic part of democracy while prudential reasons are based on gain and losses 

4. Which of the following statements is not correct about federalism in India?
a.   The Constitution originally provided for a two-tier system of government
b.   The Constitution clearly provided a three-fold distribution of legislative powers
c.   The Parliament can on its own change the power-sharing arrangement.
In case of any dispute about the division of powers, the High Courts and the Supreme Court make a decision.

Ans -  C. The Parliament can on its own change the power-sharing arrangement. - parliament alone can't change the power-sharing arrangement, an important part of the constitution can be changed after consent from state legislative assemblies. , first point is right because originally  Indian constitution had two tiers (center and state government), and the third tier (local government) was created by amendment (73rd ) in  1993.

5. Which of the following is not a Component of a political party?
a.   Leader
b.   Follower
c.   Active Member
d.Symbol

Ans- d Symbol - although symbols are part of the political process, as per the book symbols are not included in components of political parties.

6. ATM BOOTH’ falls under the category of:
a.   Primary sector
b.   Secondary sector
c.   Tertiary sector
d.Government sector

Ans-  many students chose "d" as an answer but ATM falls under the service sectors. many private banks have their ATMs

7. Removing the barriers or restrictions set by the government is known as ___________________.
a.   Globalisation
b.   Liberalization
c.   Privatization
d. Disinvestment

Ans- b.   Liberalization, after 1991 Indian government implemented the policy of LPG- Liberalization, privatisation, and globalization. in a narrow context, liberalization is used to remove internal barriers. Globalization is a more broad term.

8. Differentiate between thermal power and Hydel power.

many students write "Thermal power is generated by heat and write about solar power. Don't write vague answers. write complete information about sources of heat (like coal,petrol, gas)

9. A democratic government should be an accountable government. Discuss           Many students copy all the positive points of democracy in answer to this question - 

Democracy is a better form of government because of it:
    I.        Promotes equality among citizens;
  II.        Enhances the dignity of the individual;
III.        Improves the quality of decision-making;
IV.        Provides a method to resolve conflicts;

these points are not relevant to define - accountability - 

(the quality or state of being accountable. especially: an obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one's actions. )

 from https://www.merriam- 

so whenever the question is asked about - legitimacy, responsiveness, and accountability write the meaning of these words.- read this 

approach.htmlhttps://keywordsst.blogspot.com/2022/04/key-words-approach.html

10. What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?

this is a very simple question - first, you need to write about the criterion- which is per capita income (average) then you are supposed to write about the limitation of averages. it does not tell about the distribution of income and disparity of the country.

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